Resources

Case T-262/24 Commission v EDPS

Data Processing Agreement (DPA), Data Sharing, Records of processing Activities (ROPA)

WhatsApp Data-Sharing Ban in India: Meta Faces $25.4M Fine

Data Sharing

Slovenian SA Decision 0603-42/2023/12 against Dodo Pizza

CCTV, Lawfulness of Processing, Legitimate Interest

Data Broker Sells Voter Data on Support for QAnon and January 6

Data Sharing

Data Sharing Toolkit Tracker

Data Sharing

Records Management Toolkit Tracker

Data Retention, Personal Data Collection, Records of processing Activities (ROPA)

Accountability Toolkit Tracker

Accountability

Data Sharing Toolkit Tracker – more information about the Toolkit by UK ICO

Data Sharing

Records Management Toolkit Tracker – more information about the Toolkit by UK ICO

Data Retention, Personal Data Collection, Records of processing Activities (ROPA)

Accountability Toolkit Tracker – more information about the Toolkit by UK ICO

Accountability

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/4/2024)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/14/2024)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EXPLOTACIONES HOSTELERAS Y DE OCIO ALBACETEÑAS, S.L. (6/7/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/28/2024)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Eni Plenitude S.p.A. (6/6/2024)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners’ association (6/26/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/5/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-20 AÑOS DE MÚSICA A.I.E. (6/17/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DQG NORTE A.I.E (6/13/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-VOX ESPAÑA (5/24/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (4/12/2024)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Olimpia S.r.l. (4/11/2024)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-Company (6/5/2024)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EUROBOX S.A. (6/5/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Facile.Energy S.r.l. (4/11/2024)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Restaurant owner (3/25/2024)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-AIO E-COMMERCE, S.L. (10/26/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles, Sensitive Data

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Municipality of Modica (7/18/2023)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (3/15/2024)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Azienda Trasporto Passeggeri Emilia-Romagna S.p.A. (2/22/2024)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Owners’ association (2/5/2024)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/23/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/30/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Limit Call S.r.l.s. (11/30/2023)

Accountability, Consent, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-UNIPREX, S.A. (12/1/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-AMAZON FRANCE LOGISTIQUE (1/23/2024)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TITAN STRONG, S.L. (12/17/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Store owner (11/7/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners’ association (11/3/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/23/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/19/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/20/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/22/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/24/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Eurocollege Oxford English Institute S.L. (11/17/2023)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-APOLLONIA TOPCO, S.L. (11/2/2023)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-Unknown (10/11/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Università Telematica E-Campus (7/18/2023)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-UNIQUE HOTEL APARTMENT S.L. (10/18/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Hotel (11/3/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/6/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Croatian Data Protection Authority (azop)-Debt collection company (10/5/2023)

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Axpo Italia Spa (9/28/2023)

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/11/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/15/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-BILBAO AD INFINITUM, S.L. (10/25/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EUROPA PRESS DE CATALUNYA, S.A. (9/26/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-SAF LOGISTICS (9/18/2023)

Controllers and Processors, Cooperation with Supervisory Authorithy, Data minimisation, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/5/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Cypriot Data Protection Commissioner-Breikot Management Ltd (7/15/1905)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/9/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/9/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/19/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/19/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Ireland-TikTok Limited (9/1/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/25/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-MÁRMOLES Y GRANITOS MEJIAS, S. L. (8/16/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/11/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/30/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/30/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/1/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/27/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ODRIA COSTAS INTERNACIONAL, S.L. (8/8/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-GYMOOGIMNASIOS S.L. (8/2/2023)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Protection Officer (DPO), Principles

Data Protection Authority of Ireland-Irish Departement of Health (6/16/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles, Representative, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/24/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/25/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/7/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LISMARTSA, S.L. (3/30/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CBHNOS S.L. (5/29/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/20/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/20/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Website operator (5/17/2023)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Benetton Group S.r.l. (4/27/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles, Sensitive Data, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/30/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EXPLOTACIONES HOSTELERAS Y DE OCIO ALBACETEÑAS, S.L. (7/4/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/23/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Corporación de Medios de Extremadura (6/22/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Sociedad Vascongada de Publicaciones, S.A. (6/22/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Green Network S.p.A. (4/14/2023)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Sorgenia S.p.a. (4/14/2023)

Accountability, Principles, Privacy by Design

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-BRD-Groupe Société Générale S.A. (6/15/2023)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/14/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-KG COM (6/8/2023)

Data minimisation, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/20/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-TIM S.p.A. (4/13/2023)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/8/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/25/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/2/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Political party (4/22/2022)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/9/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DISPLAY CONNECTORS, S.L. (2/22/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-BANQUETES SANTA ANA, S.L. (5/3/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Cypriot Data Protection Commissioner-Πολίτης newspaper (1/16/2023)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (4/25/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ORANGE ESPAGNE S.A.U. (3/16/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (4/13/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Bremen-Company (7/14/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ATRESMEDIA CORPORACIÓN DE MEDIOS DE COMUNICACIÓN, S.A. (4/3/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-20 MINUTOS EDITORA, S.L. (4/3/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-SOCIEDAD ESPAÑOLA DE RADIODIFUSIÓN, S.L. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LA VANGUARDIA EDICIONES, S.L. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DIARIO ABC, S.L. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CONECTA5 TELECINCO, S.A.U. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DISPLAY CONNECTORS, S.L. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EL DIARIO DE PRENSA DIGITAL SL. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EDITORIAL DE PRENSA CANARIA, S.A. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TITANIA COMPAÑÍA EDITORIAL, S.L. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-UNIDAD EDITORIAL INFORMACION GENERAL S.L.U. (3/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Tehnoplus Industry SRL (3/23/2023)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Alianța pentru Unirea Românilor (3/15/2023)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (3/15/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (3/14/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-CITYSCOOT (3/16/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (2/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (2/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (2/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Mister Brick S.a.s. (8/5/2022)

Access Requests (DSAR), Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Douglas Italia S.p.a. (10/20/2022)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Purpose limitation, Sensitive Data

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Company (7/22/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (2/21/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-MIRACLE IBIZA S.L. (2/3/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/31/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/31/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TECNO MOTOR LA MUELA, S.L.L (1/20/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/27/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/16/2023)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/20/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Areti spa (11/24/2022)

Accountability, Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (12/28/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/10/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/9/2023)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (12/20/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/29/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LORENT 2013, S.L (12/3/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (12/3/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Association for the prevention and study of crimes, abuses and negligence in information technology and advanced communications (APEDANICA) (11/25/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Colosseo S.r.l. (8/5/2022)

Access Requests (DSAR), Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/10/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (11/10/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/21/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Company (10/24/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/24/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-School (9/9/2022)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/17/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (10/20/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Lazio Region (9/15/2022)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Bank (10/5/2022)

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (10/4/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Company (8/8/2022)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Purpose limitation, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/23/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CLUB NATACIO LLEIDA (9/28/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/13/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/13/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/9/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EURO DONER KEBAB (9/9/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Store owner (9/4/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/16/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (9/4/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/15/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/22/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-SMART ELECTRIC SOLUTIONS, S.L. (7/12/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Sindicato Intersectorial Trabajadores/as Provincia de Alicante (8/30/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-SERVICIOS PROFESIONALES LA PARADA S.L. (8/25/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Information Commissioner of Isle of Man-Manx Care Ltd (7/13/2022)

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Sensitive Data, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/12/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-JOYPAZAR, S.A. (7/12/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Policoro municipality (8/1/2022)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Restaurant owner (8/8/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/8/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/3/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Niedersachsen-Electronics store (7/13/1905)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Saxony-Private individual (7/13/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Company (6/22/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Person (7/27/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-UBEEQO INTERNATIONAL (7/7/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (8/1/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/19/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Region of Tuscany (5/26/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/5/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ASOCIACIÓN DE AFICIONADOS Y PEQUEÑOS ACCIONISTAS UNIDAD HERCULANA (7/6/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (7/1/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CORPORACIÓN DE RADIO Y TELEVISIÓN ESPAÑOLA S.A. (6/23/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-RADIO TELEVISION MADRID, S.A. (6/23/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (7/1/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Deputy Data Protection Ombudsman-Otavamedia Oy (5/9/2022)

Data minimisation

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma (5/26/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Asociația de Proprietari Aviației Park (6/20/2022)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/9/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-SCOTCH CORNER BAR (6/16/2022)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LODEJU, S.L. (6/3/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/20/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CORON ISLAND SLU (5/31/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/1/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (6/3/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-MAYR MELNHOF PACKAGING ROMANIA S.R.L. (5/17/2022)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Purpose limitation, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Bar owner (5/11/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/12/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (5/11/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Café owner (2/2/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/17/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (4/27/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Company (3/2/2022)

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Danish Data Protection Authority (Datatilsynet)-Danske Bank (4/5/2022)

Accountability, Principles

Belgian Data Protection Authority (APD)-Brussels Airport Zaventem (4/4/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Data Protection Authority of Ireland-Meta Platforms Ireland Limited (3/15/2022)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Hotel operator (2/22/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-WORLDWIDE CLASSIC CARS NETWORK S.L. (2/23/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Icelandic data protection authority (‘Persónuvernd’)-Hörpu tónlistar- og ráðstefnuhúss ohf. (3/8/2022)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-PINTODIS, S.L. (2/7/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Università Telematica Internazionale Uninettuno (12/16/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Private club ‘Ruian’ (1/27/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private person (2/18/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Hamburg-Restaurant (7/12/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private person (2/4/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Cafe operator (2/7/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Hamburg-Company (7/12/1905)

Definitions, Joint Controllers

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-INCOPROSOL, S.L. (1/31/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Saarland-Restaurant (7/12/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Baden-Wuerttemberg-Restaurant (11/1/2019)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Enel Energia S.p.A (12/16/2021)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (12/1/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (11/9/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Property Owner Community (1/21/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Property Owner Community (1/11/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/13/2022)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/14/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (1/17/2022)

Data minimisation, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Telekom Romania Communications SA (12/6/2021)

Access Requests (DSAR), Accountability, Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LA OFICINA BAR (12/23/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Norwegian Supervisory Authority (Datatilsynet)-Norwegian State Pension Fund (SPK) (11/24/2021)

Consent, Data minimisation, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-IZA OBRAS Y PROMOCIONES, S.A. (12/14/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (12/17/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Neighborhood community (11/30/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DAVISER SERVICIOS, S.L. (11/30/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-Régie autonome des transports parisiens (11/4/2021)

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (11/15/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (10/6/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Store owner (10/4/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-NOW DOCTOR – Εταιρία Παροχής Ηλεκτρονικών Υπηρεσιών Αναζήτησης και Προβολής Ιατρών Ε.Π.Ε. (8/26/2021)

Accountability, Consent, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-Rhodes Municipal Transport Company (9/3/2021)

Access Requests (DSAR), Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-AMPUDIA DIAZ, S.L. (9/4/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Frigorifica Botana S.L. (9/16/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Website operator (4/20/2021)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (7/30/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Owners Association (8/26/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-PODEMOS PARTIDO POLÍTICO (7/27/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Owners Association (7/27/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Owners Association (7/27/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Deputy Data Protection Ombudsman-Higher Education Institution (7/5/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (8/5/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (7/27/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Aparcamiento Arcusa S.L.U. (7/9/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (7/7/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Mercadona S.A. (7/26/2021)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative, Sensitive Data

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (6/11/2021)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (6/11/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (6/29/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-PURPLE SEA MΟΝΟΠΡΟΣΩΠΗ ΙΚΕ (6/3/2021)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (5/27/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (5/21/2021)

Data minimisation

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Radiotelevisión del principado de Asturias (6/7/2021)

Data minimisation

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (5/12/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles, Sensitive Data

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (5/12/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (5/12/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

National Commission for Data Protection (CNPD)-Unknown (5/12/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Ireland-Irish Credit Bureau DAC (3/23/2021)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Privacy by Design

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Alava Norte, S.L. (5/25/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Deputy Data Protection Ombudsman-ParkkiPate Oy (4/21/2021)

Data minimisation

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (4/22/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Czech Data Protection Auhtority (UOOU)-Unknown (7/12/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-S.C. Tip Top Food Industry S.R.L (4/15/2021)

Accountability, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Purpose limitation, Sensitive Data

Czech Data Protection Auhtority (UOOU)-Ski rental company (7/12/1905)

Consent, Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Representative

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-Ιγνατιάδης Νικόλαος και ΣΙΑ Ε.Ε. (4/7/2020)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Individual (4/15/2021)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Pub owner (4/19/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Belgian Data Protection Authority (APD)-School (3/15/2021)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Laboratorio Octogón, S.L. (3/23/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Baden-Wuerttemberg-VfB Stuttgart 1893 AG (3/10/2021)

Accountability, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Regione Lazio (1/14/2021)

Accountability, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Person (3/12/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Ripobruna 207, S.L. (2/12/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Unknown (12/16/2020)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Person (2/4/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Person (2/8/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Individual (1/20/2021)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-Perfomeclic (12/7/2020)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Right to Object, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Homeowners Association (11/16/2020)

Data minimisation, Principles

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Università Campus Bio-medico di Roma (Polyclinic) (10/26/2020)

Accountability, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Play Orenes, S.L. (10/28/2020)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Café Restaurante B.B.B (10/9/2020)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private Person (10/9/2020)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Principles, Representative

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Restaurant (8/5/2020)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Property Owner (6/9/2020)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Property Owner (6/9/2020)

Data minimisation, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Saarland-Restaurant (7/11/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Casa Gracio Operation (2/25/2020)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Megastar SL (12/10/2019)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Sports Bar (11/19/2019)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Employer (7/11/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Employer (7/11/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-AMADOR RECREATIVOS, S.L (7/11/1905)

Data minimisation, Principles

Hellenic Data Protection Authority (HDPA)-Telecommunication Service Provider (10/7/2019)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-UTTIS INDUSTRIES SRL (10/17/2019)

Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles

Data Protection Authority of Sweden-School in Skellefteå (8/20/2019)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA), Principles, Sensitive Data

Belgian Data Protection Authority (APD)-Merchant (9/17/2019)

Data minimisation, Principles

French Data Protection Authority (CNIL)-Employer UNIONTRAD COMPANY (6/13/2019)

Controllers and Processors, Data minimisation, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

New data protection audit framework launched to help organisations improve compliance by UK ICO

Controllers and Processors, Data Sharing, Data Subjects Rights

Press Release No 166/24 on Judgment of the Court in Case C-446/21 CJEU

Data minimisation, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles

Case C-446/21 CJEU

Data minimisation, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles

Telegram’s New Policy: User Data to Be Shared with Authorities in Criminal Cases

Data Sharing, Data Subjects Rights

LinkedIn Used User Data for AI Training Before Updating Its Terms

AI, Data Sharing, Data Subjects Rights, Lawfulness of Processing

Case C 203/22 on AI and automated decisions, the right of access under the GDPR, and the protection of trade secrets

AI, Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors, Specific processing situations

Report and Guidance on Privacy in Social Network Services – ”Rome Memorandum” by International Working Group on Data Protection in Telecommunications

Definitions, Processing of personal data

Opinion 04/2024 on the notion of main establishment of a controller in the Union under Article 4(16)(a) GDPR |EPDB

Definitions, Main Establishment

Case C‑740/22

Definitions, Personal Data

Case C‑604/22

Joint Controllers, Personal Data

Recommendations 02/2020 on the European Essential Guarantees for surveillance measures

CCTV, Lawfulness of Processing, Legitimate Interest, Specific processing situations

Case C 683-2021

Data Controller, Data Processors, Joint Controllers

[Draft] Guidelines on the processing of personal data in regard to recruitment by the UK ICO

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors, Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA), Employment, Specific processing situations

Press Release No 184-23 by the CJEU

Controllers and Processors, Joint Controllers, Liability and Remedies, Supervisory Authorities

AUTOMATED DECISIONMAKING TECHNOLOGY REGULATIONS (DRAFT) by CPPA

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors

Opinion on processing of CCTV data in regard to employee performance analytics by the Bulgarian DPA

CCTV, Employment, Specific processing situations

Guidance on the Use of CCTV – For Data Controllers by the Irish DPC

CCTV, Specific processing situations

Automated Decision-Making Under the GDPR by the FPF

AI, Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors, Specific processing situations

Case C-101/01

Data Transfers, Definitions, Principles, Processing of personal data, Sensitive Data

C-272/19

Access Requests (DSAR), Data Controller, Data Subjects Rights, Definitions

C-708/18

CCTV, Lawfulness of Processing, Legitimate Interest, Specific processing situations

Case C-60/22

Accountability, Controllers and Processors, Joint Controllers, Principles

C-268/21

Data minimisation, Principles

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on the Data Act by the EU Commission

Controllers and Processors, Data Sharing

Meta Platforms Ireland v EDPB (Case T-319/24)

Controllers and Processors, Data Sharing, Data Subjects Rights

Case C‑461/22 CURIA

Data Controller, Definitions

Case C-394/23, Mousse: Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d’État (France) lodged on 28 June 2023 — Association Mousse v Commission nationale de l’informatique et des libertés (CNIL), SNCF Connect

Definitions, Processing of personal data

ENFORCEMENT ADVISORY NO. 2024-01 APPLYING DATA MINIMIZATION TO CONSUMER REQUESTS BY CALIFORNIA PRIVACY PROTECTION AGENCY

Data minimisation, Principles

Today’s and tomorrow’s means of payment facing the challenge of data protection by CNIL

Definitions, Processing of personal data

EditorsTrends in Data Protection and Encryption Technologies by SpringerProfessional

Definitions, New technology, Processing of personal data

Case 2:24-cv-05140 by the attorney general of California

Consent, Controllers and Processors, Data Sharing, Lawfulness of Processing

Guidelines scraping by private organizations and individuals by the Dutch Data Protection Authority

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors

Opinion 20/2021 on Tobacco Traceability System |EDPB

Controllers and Processors, Data Sharing

Data Sharing Code of Practice by UK ICO [Controller to Controller]

Controllers and Processors, Data Sharing

PRACTICE GUIDE SECURITY OF PERSONAL DATA Version 2024 by CNIL

Definitions, Personal Data

Opinion 39/2021 on whether Article 58(2)(g) GDPR could serve as a legal basis for a supervisory authority to order ex officio the erasure of personal data, in a situation where such request was not submitted by the data subject |EPDB

Data Controller, Data Subjects Rights, Definitions

Joint statement on data scraping and the protection of privacy

Personal Data Collection

Fashion ID, 29 July 2019, C-40/17, ECLI:EU:C:2019:629

Data Controller, Data Processors

Unabhängiges Landeszentrum für Datenschutz Schleswig-Holstein v Wirtschaftsakademie Schleswig-Holstein GmbH, in the presence of Facebook Ireland Ltd (Case C-210/16).

Data Controller

Nowak (C-434/16, EU:C:2017:994)

Personal Data

Patrick Breyer v. Germany Case C-582/14, 12 May 2016

Consent, Personal Data

František Ryneš v. Úřad pro ochranu osobních údajů [2014] Case C-212/13, 11 December 2014

CCTV

Weltimmo s.r.o. v. Nemzeti Adatvédelmi és Információszabadság Hatóság [2015] Case C-230/14, 1 October 2015

Main Establishment

Records of Processing Activities under Article 30 GDPR | Irish DPC

Records of processing Activities (ROPA)

What is Personal Data | UK ICO

Personal Data

WORKING PARTY 29 POSITION PAPER on the derogations from the obligation to maintain records of processing activities pursuant to Article 30(5) GDPR

Records of processing Activities (ROPA)

Guidelines on Automated individual decision-making and Profiling for the purposes of Regulation 2016/679

Automated Decision-making

Guide to Accountability and Governance | UK ICO

Accountability

Guidance on Video Surveillance | UK ICO

CCTV

Records of processing activities template by the CNIL

Records of processing Activities (ROPA)

Guidelines 07/2020 on the concepts of controller and processor in the GDPR

Data Controller, Data Processors, Definitions

Guidelines 3/2019 on processing of personal data through video devices

CCTV

Telegram CEO’s Arrest Sparks Debate on Privacy vs. Regulation

Personal Data Collection, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Addictive patterns in the processing of personal data Implications for data protection by AEPD

Definitions, Processing of personal data

Automated Decision-Making in Online Platforms: Protection Against Discrimination and Manipulation of Behavior

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors

Bodil Lindqvist [2003] Case C-101/01, 6 November 2003

Automated Decision-making

Tele2 Sverige AB v. Post-och telestyrelsen and Secretary of State for the Home Department v. Tom Watson and others Joined Cases C-203/15 and C-698/15

Data minimisation

Big Brother Watch and others v United Kingdom (Applications nos 58170/13, 62322/14 and 24960/15), 25 May 2021.

Data minimisation

Salvatore Manni Case C 398/15

Data Retention, Legitimate Interest, Storage limitation

ANAF Case C‑201/14, 1 October 2015

Automated Decision-making, Data Sharing, Data Transfers, Public Administrative Body

A Guide to UK GDPR Principles | UK ICO

Accountability, Accuracy, Data minimisation, Integrity and confidentiality, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Purpose limitation, Storage limitation, Transparency