Resources

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ALTERNATIVA CORELLANA INDEPENDIENTE (6/26/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Azienda Socio-sanitaria Territoriale Rhodense (5/23/2024)

Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Vodafone España, S.A.U. (7/18/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (4/15/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-BEST ELAN ONLINE SRL (8/6/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-BANCO BILBAO VIZCAYA ARGENTARIA, S.A. (6/12/2024)

Accuracy, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CONSULTORÍA PERITACIONES ALMERIENSES, S.L (4/19/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CLÍNICA PARÍS, S.L. (2024-03-021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TELEFÓNICA DE ESPAÑA, S.A.U. (2/23/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Austrian Data Protection Authority (dsb)-Website operator (1/4/2024)

Administratives Measures, Data Subjects Rights, Liability and Remedies, Right to Erasure

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-WATIUM S.L. (5/22/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-CORPORACIÓN DUAL GRUPO LC, S.L. (3/15/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DENTAL REY-GAR, S.L. (3/7/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (2/19/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-VODAFONE ESPAÑA, S.A.U. (4/5/2024)

Accuracy, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (2/19/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-20 MINUTOS EDITORA, S.L. (3/25/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Cypriot Data Protection Commissioner-Bank of Cyprus Public Company Ltd. (7/15/1905)

Accuracy, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Oney Servicios Financieros E.F.C. (10/23/2023)

Accuracy, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/20/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ATLAS ENTERTAINMENT, S.L. (1/11/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Municipality of Salento (1/24/2024)

Administratives Measures, Data Subjects Rights, Liability and Remedies

Polish National Personal Data Protection Office (UODO)-Company (12/30/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LEADDESK, S.L (11/17/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/20/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Sectorul 1 al Municipiului București (1/30/2024)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ALBEN AIRPORT FACILITIES S.L. (10/11/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Polish National Personal Data Protection Office (UODO)-Unknown (11/16/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Polish National Personal Data Protection Office (UODO)-Unknown (8/30/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-UPMOBILE SOLUTIONS, S.L. (10/26/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Private individual (12/15/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Libra Internet Bank SA (11/20/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TRACTAMENT D’AIGUES TEIA, S.L. (11/13/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Mednow Medical Center di Giugni Marco (8/31/2023)

Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Homeowners Association (10/27/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (11/6/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-UAT Comuna Albeni (9/25/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ADENET SYSTEMS, S.L. (8/11/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-RING RING CLIN S.L. (8/11/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-MULTIGAS ASESORES S.L. (8/28/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-QUALITY-PROVIDER S.A. (8/1/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Polish National Personal Data Protection Office (UODO)-Company (6/21/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Birou Gas, S.L. (7/12/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TRC TRUCKS 2020, S.L. (6/27/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-PUNTO ROJO LIBROS, S.L. (6/29/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Data State Inspectorate (DSI)-Unknown (7/14/1905)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Data State Inspectorate (DSI)-Unknown (7/14/1905)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Unknown (6/14/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-LEADDESK, S.L (6/7/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (5/25/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-NORDETIA CLINICS IBERIA, S.L. (5/24/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-WILLOUGHBY COLLEGE, S.A (5/17/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-S.C. Apollo Salon S.R.L. (6/6/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-SECURITAS DIREC ESPAÑA, S.A. (4/21/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-INMARAN ASESORES S.L. (3/24/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Deputy Data Protection Ombudsman-Suomen Asiakastieto Oy (2/17/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Belgian Data Protection Authority (APD)-Company (8/23/2022)

Accuracy, Controllers and Processors, Principles, Representative, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Polish National Personal Data Protection Office (UODO)-Unknown (Unknown)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Areti spa (11/24/2022)

Accountability, Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ADENET SYSTEMS, S.L. (12/29/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-EDITORIAL RIBADEO S.L. (1/13/2023)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-ALPA 57 PRODUCCIONES, S.L. (11/25/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-SC Das Sense Society SRL (11/9/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Homeowners Association Bld. Pipera 1-2E (11/18/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-SC Materiale Constructii Online SRL (10/18/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-SC Raiffeisen Bank SA (9/9/2022)

Accuracy, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-E Software Concept SRL (7/7/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Private individual (7/19/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Deputy Data Protection Ombudsman-Telemarketing company (4/29/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-RAMONA FILMS, S.L. (5/17/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Italian Data Protection Authority (Garante)-Alfa Shipyard s.r.l. (3/10/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Megareduceri TV S.R.L. (5/3/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-FLORAQUEEN FLOWERING THE WORLD S.L. (4/18/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-DOOR2DOOR SPAIN, S.L. (4/19/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Property owners’ association (4/7/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-MALAGATROM, S.L.U. (2/22/2022)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Data Protection Authority of Hamburg-Clearview AI Inc. (7/12/1905)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Telekom Romania Communications SA (12/6/2021)

Access Requests (DSAR), Accountability, Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Sensitive Data

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-SC Nobiotic Pharma SRL (12/13/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-FUENSANTA S.L. (11/23/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-MERCEDES GERENCIA, S.L. (10/25/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-AD735 DATA MEDIA ADVERTISING S.L. (11/12/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Magyar Telekom Nyrt. (6/18/2021)

Accuracy, Controllers and Processors, Data Subjects Rights, Principles, Representative

Data Protection Authority of Bavaria-Unknown (7/12/1905)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-TNT EXPRESS WORLDWIDE SPAIN, S.L. (6/22/2021)

Accuracy, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Owners Association of Iasi Municipality (5/19/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Vodafone España, S.A.U. (5/26/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Natural person holding the position of General Secretary for a political party in Bucharest (3/4/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Iberdrola Clientes (2/3/2021)

Accuracy, Data Subjects Rights, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Xfera Moviles S.A. (2/1/2021)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Unknown (11/18/2020)

Accuracy, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Vodafone España, S.A.U. (1/4/2021)

Accuracy, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. (12/21/2020)

Accuracy, Principles

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-S.C. C&V Water Control S.A. (12/22/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies, Principles, Sensitive Data

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Anmavas 61, S.L. (11/18/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Lithuanian Data Protection Authority (VDAI)-Vilnius City Municipality Administration (10/21/2020)

Accuracy, Controllers and Processors, Principles, Representative

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Globus Score SRL (10/20/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Iberia Lae SA Operadora Unipersonal (7/20/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Xfera Moviles S.A. (7/23/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Iberdrola Clientes (6/4/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-SOS Infertility Association (3/25/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Xfera Moviles S.A. (3/25/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Telefónica (3/18/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Vodafone España, S.A.U. (1/9/2020)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Globus Score SRL (12/16/2019)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Modern Barber (11/26/2019)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Romanian National Supervisory Authority for Personal Data Processing (ANSPDCP)-Nicola Medical Team 17 SRL (12/2/2019)

Administratives Measures, Liability and Remedies

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Vodafone España, S.A.U. (Unknown)

Accuracy, Principles

Spanish Data Protection Authority (aepd)-Vodafone España, S.A.U. (Unknown)

Accuracy, Principles

Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and the Freedom of Information (NAIH)-Bank (2/8/2019)

Accuracy, Principles

Case C‑21/23 CJEU (full text in german)

Controllers and Processors, Data Breaches, Health Data, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Press Release No 159/24 on Judgment of the Court in Case C-21/23 CJEU

Controllers and Processors, Data Breaches, Health Data, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Sensitive Data

Reprimand issued by the UK ICO concerning infringements of Article 5(1)(a), Article 6(1)(a) and Article 7(1) UK GDPR

Consent, Cookies, Lawfulness of Processing, Liability and Remedies

Case C 203/22 on AI and automated decisions, the right of access under the GDPR, and the protection of trade secrets

AI, Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors, Specific processing situations

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Health Care and Medical Sciences Best Practices by Pitfalls Gyorgy J. Simon Constantin Aliferis Springer

AI, Health Data, Principles, Sensitive Data, Specific processing situations

Transparency and Consent Framework Policies by IAB Europe

Consent, Cookies, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Transparency

GUIDELINES CLOCKING AND ATTENDANCE CONTROL PROCESSING USING BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS BY THE AEPD

Employment, Principles, Sensitive Data, Specific processing situations

A Guide to Cookies and Compliance by DMA

Consent, Cookies, Lawfulness of Processing

[Draft] Guidelines on the processing of personal data in regard to recruitment by the UK ICO

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors, Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA), Employment, Specific processing situations

[Draft] Guidelines on the processing of personal data in regard to employment by the UK ICO

Employment, Specific processing situations

Everything Recruiters Need to Know About GDPR by ZOHO

Employment, Specific processing situations

Opinion on processing of CCTV data in regard to employee performance analytics by the Bulgarian DPA

CCTV, Employment, Specific processing situations

AUTOMATED DECISIONMAKING TECHNOLOGY REGULATIONS (DRAFT) by CPPA

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors

Protection of workers’ personal data: General principles by ILO

Employment, Specific processing situations

Automated Decision-Making Under the GDPR by the FPF

AI, Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors, Specific processing situations

Data protection and monitoring workers

Employment, Specific processing situations

Public Benefit and Privacy Panel for Health and Social Care (Guidance for applicants)

Health Data, Principles, Sensitive Data

C-34/21

Employment, Specific processing situations

Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada Sweep Report 2024

Consent, Cookies, Lawfulness of Processing

Case 4:23-cv-01110-P AHA v. Bacerra

Health Data, Principles, Sensitive Data

Guidelines scraping by private organizations and individuals by the Dutch Data Protection Authority

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors

Opinion 19/2021 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Hungary regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EDPB

Accreditation

Opinion 25/2021 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Lithuania regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EDPB

Accreditation

EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 1/2022 on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) 2021/953 on a framework for the issuance, verification and acceptance of interoperable COVID-19 vaccination, test and recovery certificates (EU Digital COVID Certificate) to facilitate free movement during the COVID-19 pandemic |EPDB

Health Data, Principles, Sensitive Data

Opinion 35/2021 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Belgium regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 36/2021 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Norway regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 37/2021 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Malta regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a code of conduct monitoring body pursuant to article 41 GDPR |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 38/2021 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Latvia regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 03/2022 on the Proposal for a Regulation on the European Health Data Space

Health Data, Principles, Sensitive Data

Opinion 12/2022 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of France regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 13/2022 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Bulgaria regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 11/2023 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Sweden regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a code of conduct monitoring body pursuant to article 41 GDPR |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 12/2023 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Cyprus regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 13/2023 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Croatia regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 11/2022 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Poland regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

Opinion 4/2023 on the draft decision of the competent supervisory authority of Malta regarding the approval of the requirements for accreditation of a certification body pursuant to Article 43.3 (GDPR) |EPDB

Accreditation

EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 02/2023 on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the establishment of the digital euro

Accreditation

EDPB-EDPS Joint Opinion 01/2023 on the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down additional procedural rules relating to the enforcement of Regulation (EU) 2016/679

Accreditation

Personal data breaches in the health sector: how to avoid them (and how to deal with them when they happen) by the UK ICO

Data Breaches, Health Data

How to deal with SARs as an employer by the UK ICO

Access Requests (DSAR), Employment

GenAI and data protection: how organisations and their employees can use it appropriately and lawfully

AI, Employment

Guidance Note: Employer Vehicle Tracking | Irish DPC

Employment

Planet49 GmbH, C-673/17, Grand Chamber, 1 October 2019.

Consent, Cookies

Guidelines on Automated individual decision-making and Profiling for the purposes of Regulation 2016/679

Automated Decision-making

Guidelines 04/2020 on the use of location data and contact tracing tools in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak

Health Data

Guidelines 03/2020 on the processing of data concerning health for the purpose of scientific research in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak

Health Data

Guidance on the rules on use of cookies and similar technologies [pdf] [Official Guidelines]

Consent, Cookies

Cookies Instructions Kit by DMA Italy, FedoWEB et al.

Consent, Cookies

Report of the work undertaken by the Cookie Banner Taskforce [Official EDPB Guidelines] [pdf]

Consent, Cookies

Automated Decision-Making in Online Platforms: Protection Against Discrimination and Manipulation of Behavior

Automated Decision-making, Controllers and Processors

Building a Cybersecurity and Privacy Learning Program | NIST | Initial Public Draft

Data Breaches, Employment, Risk Management, Technical and Organisational Measures (TOMs)

Bodil Lindqvist [2003] Case C-101/01, 6 November 2003

Automated Decision-making

ANAF Case C‑201/14, 1 October 2015

Automated Decision-making, Data Sharing, Data Transfers, Public Administrative Body

A Guide to UK GDPR Principles | UK ICO

Accountability, Accuracy, Data minimisation, Integrity and confidentiality, Lawfulness of Processing, Principles, Purpose limitation, Storage limitation, Transparency

The Employment Practices Code | UK ICO

Data Subjects Rights, Employment